How do electric heat pumps differ from traditional electric resistance heaters?

Electric heat pumps are designed to transfer heat rather than generate it, which distinguishes them significantly from traditional electric resistance heaters. In a traditional electric resistance heater, heat is produced directly by converting electrical energy into heat through resistance, which can be less efficient, especially in moderate climates.

In contrast, electric heat pumps operate by moving heat from one place to another. They absorb heat from the outside air or ground (even in cold temperatures) and transfer it indoors to provide heating. This process allows heat pumps to be much more efficient than traditional heating methods because they can provide several units of heat for every unit of electricity they consume. This mechanism of heat transfer means that, in many cases, heat pumps can provide heating for less energy input compared to resistance heaters, translating into lower operational costs and environmental impacts.

Understanding this fundamental difference is key to knowing how these systems work and why they are often favored in energy-efficient heating solutions.